Phenol in MS

Phenol is a chemical that blocks nerve action. In some people with multiple sclerosis it is used to treat severe spasticity or pain where other treatment options have proven ineffective.

The phenol stops the nerve signals travelling between the brain and the affected part of the body. The effect can be permanent, but if it wears off, the treatment can be repeated. Phenol is only used where other treatments have not eased the pain or spasticity and the phenol treatment is used to improve quality of life.

For people who have severe spasticity that has contorted or fixed their limbs in uncomfortable positions, or those in very intense chronic pain that is not responding to other treatment, phenol injection can help them regain some quality of life. However, they will likely have reduced feeling and control in their legs and no control of bowel or bladder function.

Doctors must have tried all other treatment and management options first, including maximum doses of other drugs to ease spasticity and pain.

How is phenol given?

A doctor will inject phenol directly into the space low down within the spinal column, called the intrathecal space. The phenol floods the nerves in that area, and an effect will normally be noticed within a few minutes.

This is a similar procedure to a lumbar puncture, and it can lead to a painful headache for a few days, as well as feeling sick or dizzy.

Before phenol treatment is given, you should have a plan to manage your bladder and bowel functions, and suitable care in place to prevent pressure sores and maintain good hygiene and comfort afterwards.

Find out more

Managing spasticity and spasms: The options for treating and managing spasticity and spasms in MS.
What do MS spasticity and spasms feel like? : Personal experiences of living with spasticity and spasms.
Spasticity and spasms: Our general information on muscle spasms and spasticity.
Baclofen: A drug used for the treatment of spasticity in MS
Sativex: A drug that may be prescribed for spasticity in MS in some areas.
Advanced MS: What to expect if you have advanced MS.

References: Jarrett L, et al.
Managing severe lower limb spasticity in multiple sclerosis: does intrathecal phenol have a role?
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2002;73(6):705-709.
Full article (link is external)

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Spasticity and spasms

Spasticity and spasms are common symptoms of multiple sclerosis that may cause your muscles to feel stiff and heavy, or cause them to move unpredictably.

Spasticity and spasm triggers

MS spasticity and spasms are easily aggravated by things that may seem completely unrelated. Identifying and resolving these trigger factors can help to manage your spasticity and spasms effectively.

Managing spasticity and spasms - book

This book explains what causes spasticity and spasms in MS. It also explores how you can manage these MS symptoms yourself and with the help of your health professional team.

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